Month: November 2020

PDE AI

researchers at Caltech have introduced a new deep-learning technique for solving PDEs that is dramatically more accurate than deep-learning methods developed previously. It’s also much more generalizable, capable of solving entire families of PDEs—such as the Navier-Stokes equation for any type of fluid—without needing retraining. Finally, it is 1000x faster than traditional mathematical formulas. Now here’s the crux of the paper. Neural networks are usually trained to approximate functions between inputs and outputs defined in Euclidean space, your classic graph with x, y, and z axes. But this time, the researchers decided to define the inputs and outputs in Fourier space. Because it’s far easier to approximate a Fourier function in Fourier space than to wrangle with PDEs in Euclidean space, which greatly simplifies the neural network’s job. Cue major accuracy and efficiency gains: in addition to its huge speed advantage over traditional methods, their technique achieves a 30% lower error rate when solving Navier-Stokes than previous deep-learning methods.

ML bank interconnect

Stripe uses ML to improve transaction success rates by 10%

Over time, that model will learn in specificity, for a particular bank in middle America vis their UK-homed customers who have typed in lower cased zip codes, that the bank strongly prefers upper casing zip codes. So we just do that for them, for transactions across our network

Did NIMBYs Save Cities?

When the city is surrounded by suburbs that make new development even harder, that can make those undertakings more attractive.

Once investment is forced back into the city, NIMBYism continues to serve a useful purpose, keeping property values high, providing the city with higher tax revenues that can be invested into schools and improvements. One problem cities like St. Louis or Akron have is that their homes aren’t valuable enough for banks to lend money to the owners and produce very little in tax revenue. Detroit has one of the highest tax rates in the country.

Makes the strange argument that NIMBYism in the suburbs should lead to YIMBYism in the cities, creating a “green belt” around cities. Interesting theory, but I see no evidence that there’s really a YIMBY trend in cities.
2022-06-01: And YIMBYs are extremely ineffective because they pretend.

The notion that resistance to development is driven by rich white people is absurd on its face. It’s a joke, a farce. It’s just not true. YIMBYs have to decide if they want to be an authentic political force, which means accepting complexity and the inevitability of moderation and compromise, or if they’d rather just keep flinging shit on the internet. The latter is certainly more fun. But we desperately need a mature, goal-oriented YIMBY movement. We’re in a housing crisis, and while “just build!” has always been an inadequate philosophy, we must build and build a lot to get out of this housing hell. To do that YIMBYs have to be willing to look working-class Black and brown NIMBYs in the eye and, when appropriate, say “your objection to this project is misguided and wrong.” That’s less fun than dunking on Twitter. But it’s a necessary next stage of their project, if it’s to succeed.

Queens street vendors

With little recourse, many immigrants from Latin America — who already were among the hardest hit by the virus — have resorted to what they did back home: working as ambulantes — street vendors. But for decades, New York has capped the number of citywide street vending permits — it is currently limited to 2900 for food and 853 for vendors of general merchandise — creating a black market and making vendors vulnerable to high fines. Ambulantes are frustrated and feel that a respected way of making a living in other parts of the world is criminalized here.

it is way past time to stop this permits nonsense.

Essential gene evolution

Essential genes are often thought to be frozen in evolutionary time — evolving only very slowly if at all, because changing or dying would lead to the death of the organism. 100s of millions of years of evolution separate insects and mammals, but experiments show that the Hox genes guiding the development of the body plans in Drosophila fruit flies and mice can be swapped without a hitch because they are so similar. This remarkable evolutionary conservation is a foundational concept in genome research.

But a new study turns this rationale for genetic conservation on its head. Researchers at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center in Seattle reported last week in eLife that a large class of genes in fruit flies are both essential for survival and evolving extremely rapidly. In fact, the scientists’ analysis suggests that the genes’ ability to keep changing is the key to their essential nature. “Not only is this questioning the dogma, it is blowing the dogma out of the water

Werner Vogels

The 8 services were really just the fundamental pieces to get, put, and manage incoming traffic. Most importantly, there are so many different tenets that come with S3, but durability, of course, trumps everything. The 11 9s (99.999999999%) that we promise our customers by replicating over 3 availability zones was unique. Most of our customers, if they have on-premises systems—if they’re lucky—can store 2 objects in the same data center, which gives them 4 9s. If they’re really good, they may have 2 data centers and actually know how to replicate over 2 data centers, and that gives them 5 9s. But 11 9’s, in terms of durability, is just unparalleled. And it trumps everything.

learnings from scaling AWS

Internet-free Star Trek

But, as I watched the PADDs circulate around the show, I slowly realize that they’re not actually used like iPads at all. In fact, they’re more like fancy pieces of paper. Individual PADDs correspond to specific documents like the Earth guidebook shown above. To give someone a document, people carry PADDs around and then leave them with the new owner of the document. From a 2013 point of view, these uses seem completely inside out. Each PADD is bound to an individual document rather than a person or location. This is a universe where its easier to copy physical objects (in a replicator) than digital ones.