Syrians are helped along their journeys by Arabic-language Facebook groups like “Smuggling Into the E.U.,” with 24k members, and “How to Emigrate to Europe,” with 39k. Migrants share photos and videos of their journeys taken on their smartphones. The groups are used widely by those traveling alone and with traffickers. In fact, the ease and autonomy the apps provide may be cutting into the smuggling business.

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